Our senses: sight (What are the parts of the eye and their functions? and How do we see?)

 Dear students,

Let´s review and check the parts of the sight.

We can see the color, movement and the distance of objects with our eyes. We should protect our eyes when necessary.

Parts of the eyes and their functions.

The iris is the coloured part of the eye. It surrounds the pupil. It´s made of very small muscles that open and close the pupil.

The cornea covers and protects the iris and the pupil.

The lens is a transparent, oval-shaped structure that focuses light on to the retina. It´s located behind the pupil and the iris.

The retina is made up of nervous tissue arranged in thin layers of cells that detect light and colours. They send information to the optic nerve.

The optic nerve is connected to the brain. It transmits information from the retina.

How we see

1.   1. Light goes into the eye through the pupil: then it passes through the lens.

2. The lens project an upside-down image onto the retina. This information is sent to the optic nerve.

3. The optic nerve transmits the information to the brain.

Activity:

* Could you name the different parts of the eye and their functions? 

* Would you be able to explain how the eye works?

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Let´s complete the activity book - Interaction & our senses

Dear students,

Let´s try to complete the exercises of the activity book.

Please, review your class notes and try to complete the following activities from your activity book.

English review - Staying healthy - (vocabulary; grammar; story telling about an illness (symptons;diagnose; things to get better)

 Dear students,

Please, review and consider the following things to prepare for the "Saying Healthy" unit 6:

- Vocabulary / definitions (sore throat; runny nose; flu; rash; chickenpox; indigestion; infection; to sprain; ankle; infection; sole; diagnose; rash; bandage; cast)

    - Vocabulary of parts of the body: hand (wrist, thumb, knuckle, etc...), the leg (shin; toe, heel) and upper body (armpit, waist, elbow, forearm, etc...).

- Verb focus with the three different forms (infinitive/past simple/ present perfect)

    - (Quit/ Hit/ Shine/ Pay and Sew)

- Modal Verbs. Which is a modal verb for actions related to obligation, advice, possibility, request or offer?

    - Must or mustn´t / Should or shouldn´t / Could or couldn´t / Might or might not / would or wouldn´t

- Activities to review: 

* John has got a horrible pain in his wrist. Give an advice:

________________________________________________

* Mary has got a terrible fever. Give an order:

_______________________________________________

* Carla normally gets an earache after listening to loud music. Give an advice.

____________________________________________________

* Your brother is very hungry and a little bit tired. Make an offer.

____________________________________________________

Please, modify these sentences into polite questions using (might, could, would...?

1.  Open the door.

__________________________________________________?

2. Answer the phone.

_________________________________________________?

3. Tidy your classroom.

_________________________________________________?

4. Tell me where the hospital is.

________________________________________________?

Finish complete activity and Create a story

 Let´s complete the following two activities:

Grammar example:

Fizzy drinks aren´t as good as water.

Water is better for you than fizzy drinks.

Write a story about 150 words that starts with one of the following sentences:

(The story has to be in the past using past simple, past continuous, present perfect, past perfect and modal verbs)

- I ended up in the hospital when I....

- I broke my arm when I....

- Blood was pouring from my leg after I...

How to hear

Dear students,

Let´s investigate a little bit more about the hear.

How much do you know about the ear? What´s the eardrum? Where is the cochlea?
Let´s complete the info in your notebook:

1.     1.  When the eardrum vibrates, it makes the small bones inside the ear vibrate too.

1.     2.  Sound waves go into our ear and hit the eardrum. As a result, the eardrum vibrates.

1.     3. The cochlea detects the vibrations and produces nerve impulses. The auditory nerve transmits these impulses to the brain. Then, the brain interprets the information.

Looking after our hearing:

The wax in our ears protects our inner ear from the bacteria, dirt and water. It´s important not to remove this wax because it helps to keep our ears healthy.

Very loud noises can cause permanent damage to our eardrums. Turn the volume down when you use headphones. Stay away from very noise places, or use ear protection to prevent hearing damage.

Create a mindmap:

Can you describe the three steps to hear?

What happens when the eardrum vibrates?

What does the cochlea detect? what does it produce?

What does auditory nerve do?

What does the wax do in our ears?

Activity. Complete the sentences in your notebook.

a)     The skin has three layers, the _____________________________________.

b)     If you get severely burn, you should ____________________________

c)     When sound waves enter our ear, first _________________ then _________________

d)     When can protect our sense of hearing by __________________________

How can we draw a little town or a city?

 Dear students,

Let´s try to create a little town or a city.

Please, check the following drawings with the different details..

There are a couple buildings. There is a raod with a car. You may see the mountains and the landscape at the end.

Sentence transformation

 Dear students,

Please, transform the following sentence to:

She visits her granparents on the weekends

Create a sentence with must, should, may, might, has to or have to, would, could

1..............

2............

3...........

4..........

5..........

6...........

Let´s create three questions and two negative sentences (mustn´t, might not, couldn´t, may not, etc..)

Our Senses: Touch (complete the notes, create mindmap and watch the video)

 Our senses: Touch

Our skin allows us to feel pressure, temperature and textures. We can hear sound with our ears. It´s important to take care and look after our senses. 

Click to watch "OUR SENSE: TOUCH" video

How we feel

Nerve endings in our skin detect information about the objects that we touch. They produce nerve impulses which the sensory nerves transmit to the brain.

The Skin is made up of three layers: the epidermis, the dermis and a layer of fatty tissue. The epidermis is the outermost layer. It provides us with protection and gives our skin its colour. The dermis is the middle layer. It supports the epidermis and contains many nerve endings. The fatty layer helps us keep warm and provides nutrients to the other two layers. 

Create the MINDMAP with the following questions and draw the picture of the skin:

What does our skin allow us to do?

How do we feel?

What are the three layers of the skin?

What is the function of the epidermis?

What is the function of the dermis?

What is the fatty layer?

Constitution and elections!! Mindmap

Dear students,

Let´s create a mindmap with the following questions:

- What do elections allow?

- What sre the elections?

- What´s a turnout?

- What do political parties produce for elections and why?

- What is needed to vote on election day?

Click to watch "Elections in UK" video

Are there any differences with the Spanish voting and elections?

Please, write a couple comments

Modal verbs - questions and negative sentences!

Dear students,

Please create two questions with each of the following modal verbs:

must; should; could; may; might; would

Remember that the structures for interrogative senteces with modal verbs are done without auxiliaries (do, does, did, have/has or had)

Must + subject + base form verb + complement?

Should + subject + base form verb + complement?

Could + subject + base form verb + complement?

May+ subject + base form verb + complement?

Might + subject + base form verb + complement?

Examples:

Must we listen to our parents?

Should I bring the pencilcase to school?

Please create two negative sentences with four of the following modal verbs:

mustn´t; shouldn´t; couldn´t; may not; might not; wouldn´t

* Modal verbs don´t use auxiliary verb in the negative sentences. Check the following example:

Subject + mustn´t + base form verb + complement

She mustn´t drive her parents´s car without a driving license.

 

Our senses: Touch

Our senses: Touch

Our skin allows us to feel pressure, temperature and textures. We can hear sound with our ears. It´s important to take care and look after our senses. 

Click to watch "OUR SENSE: TOUCH" video

How we feel

Nerve endings in our skin detect information about the objects that we touch. They produce nerve impulses which the sensory nerves transmit to the brain.

The Skin is made up of three layers: the epidermis, the dermis and a layer of fatty tissue. The epidermis is the outermost layer. It provides us with protection and gives our skin its colour. The dermis is the middle layer. It supports the epidermis and contains many nerve endings. The fatty layer helps us keep warm and provides nutrients to the other two layers. 

MINDMAP questions:

What does our skin allow us to do?

How do we feel?

What are the three layers of the skin?

What is the function of the epidermis?

What is the function of the dermis?

What is the fatty layer?

Modal Verbs Part II

Dearv students,

Let´s complete the second part of the modal verbs:

Please, check the following modal verb activities and review the following sentences:

Click on the "Modal verbs Activity I"

Click on the "Modal verbs Activity II"

Click on the "Modal verbs activity III"

SPAIN POLITICAL SYSTEM! Let´s review

 Dear students,

Let´s try to review what we can remember of Spain´s political system!

Do we have a democracy or a dictatorship? Are there free elections? Do we have a democracy?

Is there a constitution? What does it include? Do we have division of powers?

Let´s try to read and understand the following info:

Spain is a democracy. A democracy is a form of government, which the people can vote and choose what kind of government want to run its country, city or town. A democracy is different from a dictatorship, in which one person (the dictator) makes all the rules. Many countries have a democratic form of government: Italy, France, United Kingdom, Norway, Canada, The United States, Japan...

The first democracies began in Greece, 2,000 years ago. The weyre very basic. It wasn’t until the French Revolution when people started to think that all people should have some rights, like to participate in the government. In every democracy, there are elections: some different political parties present their proposals and people choose freely what they prefer to. 

Many democracies are based on a constitution: a document containing the basic laws, rights or principles for a country. Spain’s Constitution was in 1978. The Spanish constitution guarantees fundamental rights. Rights are something we should have or be able to do. It also includes our responsibilities as citizens, which are the things we must do.

After reviewing the previous info, try to answer the following questions:

- What´s the difference between a democracy and a dictatorship?

- What happened to the democracies after the french revolution?

- What are the democracies based on?

- What does a constitution include?

CLick to watch "Separation of Powers in Spain" video

Our Nervous system!!

 Dear students,

Please, check the following videos about the Nervous system:

Click to watch "Nervous system" video I

Click to watch "Nervous system" video II

Click to watch "Nervous system" video III

You can write some ideas about the videos and share them with the class.

Modal Verbs activity!!

 Dear students,

Let´s try to complete the following activity:

Second part

Please, check the following modal verb activities and review the following sentences:

Click on the "Modal verbs Activity I"

Click on the "Modal verbs Activity II"

Click on the "Modal verbs activity III"

Modal verbs activities!!

 Dear students,

Please, check the following modal verb activities and review the following sentences:

Click on the "Modal verbs Activity I"

Click on the "Modal verbs Activity II"

Click on the "Modal verbs activity III"

Subject + must + base form verb + complement. (must = deber...)

She must brush to her teeth everyday

Subject + mustn´t + base form verb + complement

He mustn´t play outside before finishing his homework.

Subject + should + base form verb + complement (should= debería...)

He should help his brother to clean the living room.

Subject + shouldn´t + base form verb + complement

They shouldn´t talk to strangers in the streets.

Subject + could + base form verb + complement (could= podría....)

They could go to the library to rent a book.

Subject + might + base form verb + complement (might= sería posible que...)

I might visit my granparents this weekend

Subject + would + base form verb + complement (would = haría..)

We would play golf if I had the equipment.

 

Our Nervous system!! Let´s create the mind map!

Dear students!!

Let´s complete the following info in your notebooks!!

The nervous system is made of the brain, the spinal cord, and a large network of nerves. Sensory nerves carry messages to the brain and motor nerves carry messages to the muscles.

The brain is the coordinating centre of the nervous system. It controls all of the body´s activity.

The cerebrum is the largest and most complex part of the brain. It controls our intelligence, memory, personality, emotion, speech and the ability to feel and move.

The cerebellum is responsible for balance, movement, and coordination.

The brainstem connects the brain to the spinal cord. It also controls some involuntary actions like breathing and our heartbeat.

Let´s create a mindmap:

• What´s the Nervous system made of?
• What´s the brain?
• What are the three parts of the brain?
• can you mention the function of each part of the brain?
• What is a nerve cell?
• What´s a synapse?

Writing with Modal verbs (Must, mustn´t, should; shouldn´t; could; couldn´t; might; might not; would; wouldn´t)

 Dear students,

You have to do a writing using the modal verbs of the unit, and also some other structures that we have used in the previous months such as past simple, present perfect, Present continuous, future simple, conditionals, etc...

It is a good opportunity to create a story using the modal verbs.

Please, don´t forget to include connecting words:

• First of all; firstly
• Secondly
• Then; after that; next;
• Therefore (=entonces); so that,
• However (sin embargo); Nonetheless (No obstante)
• Although; even though (aunque)
• Finally; In the end

How interesting will your story be?

Please, try to surprise us or be as realistic as you can.

Take care and have a good weekend!!

Ainoa writing ´s example:

My dad says that I must pay attention in class and that I shouldn´t talk in class without permission. I would, but I get very distracted easily. I might get better in the future. To get better, I could sit with someone who doesn´t speak as much as I do. 

Spain geography mindmap!! Questions!

 Dear students,

Please, complete the following mindmap, review the notes in your notebook, the activity book and answer the questions.

Let´s review:

• Autonomous communities and general info (notes)
• Provinces (general info) in the autonomous communities (Galicia, Castilla León, Castilla La Mancha, Extremadura, País Vasco, Cataluña, etc...)
• Rivers of the Cantabrian sea watershed, Atlantic ocean watershed and Mediterranean watershed.
• Spain´s Relief in the north, east, south and west.
• Coastal line: capes, gulf, bays, cliffs and sand beaches.
• Definition of Gulf, Bay and Cape

• Can you mention a mountain range in the south and another in the north west?
• Can you write a river that flows to the Cantabrian sea and another that flows into the Mediterranean sea?
• Are you able to locate a mountain range on the edge of the Meseta Central?
• Could you mention a Cantabrian cape and a Mediterranean gulf?

Click to watch Spain´s relief video!

Click to watch Spain´s rivers video!

Challenge to hear Spain´s relief in English!

Click to check Capes and Gulfs in Spain video!!

Spain´s relief review!! Videos and mindmap

 Dear students,

Please, try to check the following videos:

Click to watch Spain´s relief video!

Click to watch Spain´s rivers video!

Challenge to hear Spain´s relief in English!

Click to check Capes and Gulfs in Spain video!!

Please, review your notes and the activity book activities

If you can, please, try to create a mindmap of the different parts of the unit.

Project about geography and relief of a country!!!

Dear students,

Let´s search about a country and explain the following topics:

 1. Where is the country located?

2. What are the borders of the country?

3. How is the country politically divided? What areas are more developed?

4. What is the relief of the country?

5. What are the mountain ranges?

6. What are the most important rivers of the country?

7. How is the coastal line of the country? Does it have cliffs, capes, bays, gulfs, sea beaches, etc?

 You can add aditional information about the country mainly related to the geography and relief. Additionally, you can include a bit of history related to the country.

Matter review!

 Dear students,

Please review your notes and the activity book with the following items for the Matter unit:

• Matter, pure subtance, an element and a compound.
• Difference between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.
• Examples
• Definitions of methods of separation.
• Difference between each one of them.
• what is a chemical change?
• Types of chemical changes.
• Combustion
• Oxidation (Rusting and browning in fruit)
• Fermentation
• Mindmap of the unit